Category: 10.12.2024

¹Sataeva Sapura, ¹Akhmetzhanova Assyl

¹Western Kazakhstan named after Zhangir Khan Agrarian-Technical University,

Ural, Kazakhstan

Abstract. Currently, about 75-90% of global ammonia production is used to produce fertilizers that help billions of people around the world maintain food production. The potential of ammonia outweighs its use only as a fertilizer, since it can also be used as an energy carrier. The Haber-Bosch process was the first heterogeneous catalytic system introduced into industry, and remains relevant to this day. Understanding the mechanism of this reaction and improving the technology has become an important area of scientific research in the field of catalysis. However, because it consumes a lot of energy due to high operating pressure and temperature, about 2.16 tons of carbon dioxide per ton of ammonia is generated. Currently, about 90% of global production is produced from fossil fuels, and 96% of hydrogen is obtained from steam reforming of methane. Steam reforming of methane produces about 9-10 tons of carbon dioxide for every ton of hydrogen produced. The only producer of ammonia in Kazakhstan is KazAzot JSC, where it is produced by the Haber-Bosch method through the interaction of nitrogen (N2) and hydrogen (H2) gases. However, this production is the only one in Kazakhstan, so there is an acute shortage of ammonia. To reduce dependence on imports and fluctuations in gas prices, it is important to develop alternative sources of ammonia production in the country. One of the possible solutions is to develop a technology for the synthesis of ammonia from the products of the reforming unit of an oil refinery. This will allow for more efficient use of reforming products and reduce the risks associated with price fluctuations and the availability of imported ammonia.

Key words: ammonia, reforming, synthesis gas, methanation, steam reforming, KazAzot, Haber-Bosch method.

Kintonova Aliya¹, Suleimenova Buldyryk², Musina Gulnara³, Temirkhanov Bekzat Maratuly²

¹L.N. Gumilev Eurasian National University, Astana, Kazakhstan

²Yessenov University, Aktau, Kazakhstan

³Kazakh Agrotechnical Research University named after. S.Seifullina,

Astana, Kazakhstan

Annotation: The article reflects the results of the analysis of technologies for the implementation of web applications for e-business, shows the advantages of e-commerce. The types and technologies for implementing business processes are described. The results of the analysis of technologies for creating web applications are reflected. The basic, models of interaction of subjects of the market are considered. The article describes the results of a brief analysis of methods for quantitative analysis of processes. The main sectors of the market and models of interaction between market entities in computer networks are shown. Aspects of the SWOT analysis of the business process are disclosed. consumption sectors of the e-commerce market in Kazakhstan. The article briefly describes the analysis of technologies for creating web applications.

Key words: e-commerce, technology, web application, business process, business process analysis, model.

Patrov Fеdor Vladimirovich

Yessenov University, Аktau, Kazakhstan

Аnnotation. The article examines the current trends in the improvement of the shipbuilding industry in the context of the study of innovative technologies. The study includes the nuances of using 3D printing technologies in the construction of ships, the use of a ballast-free hull structure and high-elasticity carbon nanotube paper (buckypaper), in order to reduce harmful emissions into the atmosphere and increase the environmental friendliness of ships. Particular interest is paid to the use of these composite materials, which significantly increase efficiency and reduce the time of construction and automation of processes that contribute to increasing the safety and productivity of navigation by minimizing human errors and optimizing the operational data of ships.

Key words: innovative technologies; 3D printing; ballast-free housing; buckypaper; process automation; operating conditions; energy-efficient systems.

BUSSURMANOVA A.

Yessenov University

Aktau city, Kazakhstan

e-mail: akkenzhe.bussurmanova@yu.edu.kz

 

Abstract. The problem of extracting heavy and non-ferrous metals from spent solutions of galvanic production is of great importance from the point of view of capturing metals valuable for the national economy and neutralizing industrial wastewater.

Existing methods of extracting lead from spent solutions and wastewater mainly involve the addition of reagents. These methods have some disadvantages: economic unprofitability; does not meet modern environmental requirements; additional pollution with ions and the formation of poorly soluble compounds and the labor intensity of extracting metals from them.

Close to the method proposed by us in technical essence is the use of volume-porous flow electrodes (VPFE) made of carbon fibrous materials. The disadvantage of this method is the high cost of electrodes associated with the use of carbon fibrous materials.

The most advantageous seems to be the electrochemical method proposed by us using lump electrodes with a developed surface. The proposed work presents the results of electrolysis of solutions with an initial lead concentration of 200 mg/l on lump graphite electrodes. The experiments were conducted in a flow mode on bulk lump graphite electrodes in an electrolytic cell. An experimental setup was used to purify waste solutions from lead ions using an electrochemical method with the use of piece electrodes with a developed surface. The electrolyzer setup consists of two glass vessels and an electrolyzer with lump electrodes, which are the cathode, and the graphite rod serves as the anode. The thickness of the lump electrode layer was changed depending on the experimental conditions within 0.5-3 cm.

Key words: extraction; electrolyze; lead (II) ions; graphite electrodes.

BUSSURMANOVA A.

Yessenov University

Aktau, Kazakhstan

e-mail: akkenzhe.bussurmanova@yu.edu.kz

Abstract. In experiments on cavitation effect on oil, rheological properties (density, dynamic viscosity coefficient, oil composition, freezing point and shear stress on the wall) of high-viscosity, low-freezing oils from the Kalamkas and Karazhanbas fields, as well as high-freezing paraffinic oils from the Uzen and Zhetybay fields were studied. The ratio of oils in this case is: Zhetybay-Uzen - 65%, Karazhanbas-Kalamkas – 35%. From a ready mixture of oils in the volume of 10 liters, in accordance with the sampling method according to GOST 2517-85, a sample of oil in the amount of 0.5 liters is taken for the initial analysis of the mixture of oils according to the measured values. Then the ready mixture of oils, heated to the required temperature, is loaded into the receiving tank of the unit and mixed with a mixer to obtain a homogeneous mixture. The mixed oil mixture is pumped by a gear pump and fed to the cavitation unit. In this case, the movable rod regulates the oil pressure at the inlet to the confuser and changes the cavitation mode. After the oil passes through the diffuser, a sample of oil is taken for analysis using a special device. The processed oil is again fed to the receiving tank and then sent for secondary processing using a gear pump. The ultimate shear stress of oils before and after cavitation at different temperatures was determined. It was found that at temperatures below 30 ^oC and above, oils are Newtonian fluids. Pseudoplastic fluids have rheological characteristics that do not depend on time, and for such fluids, the yield point is not detected.

Key words: cavitation; rheological properties; oil composition; draining time.

Keneskhanova Sabina¹, Mukazhanova Zhazira¹, Ibrayeva Manshuk²*

¹East Kazakhstan University named after Sarsen Amanzholov, Ust-Kamenogorsk, Kazakhstan

²Yessenov University, Aktau, Kazakhstan

Annotation. Chemogenomics is a new multidisciplinary field of science, the ultimate goal of which has been studied by various authors (Caron et al., 2001; Kubini, 2006; Rognan, 2007) to establish complete correspondence between all ligands in biological objects. Chemogenomics uses methods of establishing patterns based on computer analysis of information in chemical and biological databases.

The goal of creating and developing the computer program PASS (Prediction of Activity Spectrum of Substances) is to predict all types of biological activity that a chemical substance can exhibit when interacting with biological objects. The forecast is made on the basis of the analysis of a large-scale learning model, which includes information about the structure of known biologically active substances and their interaction with biological objects.

PASS is a virtual chemogenomics #8220;tool#8221; that allows in silico to identify the most likely ligands for known targets and, conversely, the most likely targets for known ligands, as well as to predict the effects of specific ligands interacting with specific targets. .

It provides a brief description of PASS and examples of its practical application to identify ligands, their potential biological targets, and the effects caused by these interactions.

Therefore, the help of special computer systems is needed to obtain an estimate of the possible types of biological activity for different classes of compounds. A real opportunity to comprehensively study the biological activity of substances can be provided by creating new computer prediction technologies and using them to evaluate the possible types of activity of chemical compounds, and then testing the studied substances according to the prediction.

A fairly fast and effective method of searching for pharmacologically active compounds is the use of a database, based on which structural analogues with a given pharmacological activity can be predicted in advance. In this case ISIS/Draw, ChemDraw, ChemScetch, etc. Programs such as The computer program PASS (Prediction of Activity Spectra for Substances) for predicting the spectrum of biological activity of organic compounds works on this principle.

Key words: East Kazakhstan region, Scrophulariaceae family, Verbascum orientale, PASS online program, antioxidant activity.

AMINA BUKAYEVA¹

¹Yessenov University,

 Aktau, Kazakhstan

e-mail.ru: amina.bukaeva@yu.edu.kz

 HUY-TUAN PHAM²

²Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education,

Vietnam

e-mail.ru: phtuan@hcmute.edu.vn

Корреспондент автор: amina.bukaeva@yu.edu.kz

Annotation. The article deals with methods of theoretical analysis of rotary drawing processes from tube billets, which are widely used in modern industry to obtain parts with high accuracy and improved mechanical properties. Rotary drawing is a process in which tube billets are deformed under the action of a rotating tool, which leads to their drawing and geometry change.

Various methods of theoretical analysis are used to investigate this process, including analytical solutions, numerical modeling and finite element methods. Analytical methods provide simplified solutions to estimate the basic process parameters such as deformation forces, stress and strain distribution in the workpiece. Numerical methods, including finite element methods, provide a more detailed and accurate analysis, allowing complex workpiece shapes and multilayer materials to be considered, as well as predicting residual stress distributions.

The paper focuses on the influence of key parameters of the rotary drawing process, such as tool speed, clamping force, process temperature and material properties of the workpiece. Possibilities of increasing the accuracy and efficiency of the process, as well as improving the mechanical characteristics of the finished product are considered.

Keywords: rotary drawing, tube billets, process, deformation, part, tool, efficiency.

KURMAMBAYEVA Zh.

Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University,

Almaty, Kazakhstan

e-mail: zhuldyzbc@mail.ru

*DALMUKHANOVA F.

Yessenov University

Aktau, Kazakhstan

e-mail: feruza.dalmukhanova@yu.edu.kz

Correspondent author: feruza.dalmukhanova@yu.edu.kz

Abstract

The PUDP Scaffolding Project (Professional Development for English Language Teachers) was implemented in Aktau, Kazakhstan, with the goal of improving the quality of English language instruction. The project aimed to provide opportunities for professional development for English language teachers, equipping them with the skills and knowledge needed to create and design their own courses. The training program lasted 15 weeks and included the participation of 43 teachers. As guiding frameworks for course development, the project used the principles of Constructive Alignment Theory and Backward Design. These approaches ensured that the courses developed by teachers were aligned with the intended learning outcomes and designed to provide students with meaningful and engaging learning experiences. Throughout the program, various interactive methods such as Think Pair Share, Think Write Pass, and Praise Criticism Praise were used to foster a friendly and collaborative environment. These techniques aimed to encourage active participation and effective learning among teachers. A variety of instructional techniques and approaches were used to achieve these objectives. Task-Based Language Teaching, Communicative Language Teaching, Project-Based Learning, Inquiry-Based Learning, and Flipped Classroom strategies were among them. The project aimed to provide teachers with a diverse toolkit of effective teaching strategies that would increase student engagement, foster language acquisition, and promote critical thinking and collaboration by integrating these methodologies.

Keywords: professional development, PUDP Scaffolding, author#8217;s course, Constructive Alignment Theory, Backward Design, Think Pair Share, Think Write Pass, Praise Criticism Praise.

MOLDAGALIYEVA AIGERIM

Yessenov University

 Аktau, Kazakhstan

E-mail: aigerim.moldagaliyeva@yu.edu.kz

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of topical issues of the tax legislation of Kazakhstan in the context of globalization, with an emphasis on its transformation in recent years. The study analyzes changes in the country#8217;s tax policy caused by external and internal challenges, as well as the impact of international standards and global economic processes on the development of the national tax system. Special attention is paid to the issues of Kazakhstan#8217;s integration into international tax structures and the adaptation of legislation to the standards put forward by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and other international organizations. The author conducts a comparative analysis of the current tax legislation of Kazakhstan and its changes in the context of globalization, highlighting the key areas of reform. One of the main problems identified in the study is the need to strengthen the fight against transnational tax evasion, which is becoming especially relevant against the background of the digitalization of the economy and the growth of cross-border financial flows. The consequences of the introduction of digital technologies in tax administration, including the creation of automated reporting systems, which helps to improve tax collection and increase tax transparency, are considered. The study revealed contradictions in the current tax policy of Kazakhstan, in particular, in the field of taxation of multinational companies and tax disputes, as well as insufficient mechanisms for effective monitoring and control of international financial flows. The author suggests ways to solve these problems, including improving legislation, improving international cooperation and strengthening tax discipline. Based on the analysis, recommendations are proposed for further improvement of the tax system of Kazakhstan, aimed at increasing its flexibility, compliance with international standards and ensuring economic stability in the context of globalization.

Keywords: tax legislation; globalization; tax reform; digitalization; multinational companies; international standards; tax evasion; tax administration.

Legal regulation of the process of inheritance of residential properties in Russia

 

Dzhumagazieva Gulnara Sarsenbaevna¹, Datskaya Tatyana Sergeevna¹,

Akhmetova Bagit Sundetovna²

¹Astrakhan state university named after v.n. Tatishchev, Astrakhan, Russia

²Yessenov University, Aktau, Kazakhstan

Abstract: legal science pays much attention to the definitional and classification aspects related to residential premises. residential premises are understood as isolated premises that act as real estate, are suitable for the purposes of permanent or temporary residence of people (the author of this study emphasizes such a criterion as the intended purpose - permanent or temporary residence of people). scientific literature is represented by many approaches to the system of features of residential premises. the most complete list of features is presented as follows: independence as an object of housing and civil rights, isolation, classification as real estate, suitability for habitation, intended purpose, mandatory registration by the state, measurability. residential premises are subject to classification on various grounds. inheritance of residential real estate has a number of features.

Key words: housing, inheritance, residential premises, real estate, citizen, testator, heir.